Name

sin - returns sine of scalars and vectors.

Synopsis

float  sin(float a);
float1 sin(float1 a);
float2 sin(float2 a);
float3 sin(float3 a);
float4 sin(float4 a);

half   sin(half a);
half1  sin(half1 a);
half2  sin(half2 a);
half3  sin(half3 a);
half4  sin(half4 a);

fixed  sin(fixed a);
fixed1 sin(fixed1 a);
fixed2 sin(fixed2 a);
fixed3 sin(fixed3 a);
fixed4 sin(fixed4 a);

Parameters

a

Vector or scalar of which to determine the sine.

Description

Returns the sine of a in radians. The return value is in the range [-1,+1].

For vectors, the returned vector contains the sine of each element of the input vector.

Reference Implementation

sin is best implemented as a native sine instruction, however sin for a float scalar could be implemented by an approximation like this.

float sin(float a)
{
  /* C simulation gives a max absolute error of less than 1.8e-7 */
  float4 c0 = float4( 0.0,            0.5,
                      1.0,            0.0            );
  float4 c1 = float4( 0.25,          -9.0,
                      0.75,           0.159154943091 );
  float4 c2 = float4( 24.9808039603, -24.9808039603,
                     -60.1458091736,  60.1458091736  );
  float4 c3 = float4( 85.4537887573, -85.4537887573,
                     -64.9393539429,  64.9393539429  );
  float4 c4 = float4( 19.7392082214, -19.7392082214,
                     -1.0,            1.0            );

  /* r0.x = sin(a) */
  float3 r0, r1, r2;

  r1.x  = c1.w * a - c1.x;                // only difference from cos!
  r1.y  = frac( r1.x );                   // and extract fraction
  r2.x  = (float) ( r1.y < c1.x );        // range check: 0.0 to 0.25
  r2.yz = (float2) ( r1.yy >= c1.yz );    // range check: 0.75 to 1.0
  r2.y  = dot( r2, c4.zwz );              // range check: 0.25 to 0.75
  r0    = c0.xyz - r1.yyy;                // range centering
  r0    = r0 * r0;
  r1    = c2.xyx * r0 + c2.zwz;           // start power series
  r1    =     r1 * r0 + c3.xyx;
  r1    =     r1 * r0 + c3.zwz;
  r1    =     r1 * r0 + c4.xyx;
  r1    =     r1 * r0 + c4.zwz;
  r0.x  = dot( r1, -r2 );                 // range extract

  return r0.x;
}

Profile Support

sin is fully supported in all profiles unless otherwise specified.

sin is supported via an approximation (shown above) in the vs_1_1, vp20, and arbvp1 profiles.

sin is unsupported in the fp20, ps_1_1, ps_1_2, and ps_1_3 profiles.

See Also

asin, cos, dot, frac, sincos, tan